PACIFICA GRADUATE INSTITUTE

 

PhD Depth Psychology with an Emphasis in Psychotherapy

                           Psyche in Nature; DPP 732

 

TI____TII____TIII_X___

Winter/2010

              Elizabeth A. Perluss, Ph.D.

2 Units/19.5Contact Hours

             Email: betsy@psycheandnature.com

Office hours: by appointment

              

 

 

COURSE SYLLABUS

That the world inside and outside us rests on a transcendental background is as certain as our own existence, but it is equally certain that the direct perception of the archetypal world inside us is just as doubtfully correct as that of the physical world outside us. – Jung, CW 14, par. 787.

                                                           

For what is inside you is what is outside of you and the one who fashions you on the outside is the one who shaped the inside of you. And what you see outside of you, you see inside of you, it is visible and it is your garment.  – Terry Tempest Williams, Refuge, 1992, p. 267

 

A.        Course Description

One of the most pervasive fantasies of our time is that psyche is a phenomenon of interiority; an entity which resides inside each of us and is manifest solely through our personal dreams, feelings, and experiences.  Within this ego construct, psyche is imprisoned within the individual, exiled from the larger realm of nature. Furthermore, this fantasy maintains the diminutive role that nature plays in our psychological lives. That nature is someplace “out there”, a place to go to, rather than an intrinsic part of our being. 

 

On the other hand, when we choose step outside of our ego constructions and turn our focus to psyche in nature, the perceived split between our interior lives and the outer realm becomes less distinct. Dreams, memories, and fantasies begin to emerge while walking the unbounded territory of nature, and psyche begins to speak, once again, to our hearts and minds through the voices of wind, rock, river, and tree. All our preconceived notions about what is real and not real begin to dissolve. Everything becomes pregnant with its own meaning.

 

This class will involve both theoretical discussions and experiential practices that reveal the ecological dimensions of psyche. Here we will look closely at the nature of psyche and the psyche of nature. We will attend to psyche’s autonomous character as she appears in fantasies, dreams, complexes, and archetypes, while simultaneously tuning our ears to her voice as she speaks to us in the language of the living landscape. We will track her footprints through the oak strewn foothills and follow her scent through the coastal sage. By turning our focus to the movements of psyche in nature, we will experience a shift in consciousness that gives equal weight to both psychic and natural events.

 

B.        Course Learning Objectives

In this course students will gain both theoretical understanding of the course content and the ability to apply this material in both professional and personal settings.  Students will:

 

  1. investigate pertinent depth psychological literature, including Jung’s “nature writings”, and examine the role that nature has played in the development of depth psychological ideas.

 

  1. explore the interrelationship between various landscapes and the expression of archetypal and mythological motifs.

 

  1. expand their attentiveness to the liminal aspects of the psyche and nature confluence and be able to interpret the symbols that emerge from the interaction between these two realms.  

 

  1. critically analyze and deconstruct personal and cultural viewpoints that may support the perceived split between psyche and nature and replace these with models that embrace a more inclusive worldview. 

 

  1. compare and contrast various indigenous nature-based healing practices,

including traditional and contemporary wilderness rites of passage.

 

  1. evaluate specific behaviors and practices that demonstrate the interrelatedness of

ecopsychology with cultural diversity, social justice, and the ethic of reciprocity.

 

  1. gain an appreciation of sense of place and be able to articulate their own experience of place and consider the role that place has played in their own psychological development.

 

  1. engage in critical discussion related to the split notions  of wildness and wilderness, feral and domestic, instinct and ego consciousness, and the role of individuation for cultivating a reality which includes a more holistic perspective of human and ecological expression.

 

9.      be able to incorporate a variety of ecotherapeutic practices into their professional and personal lives.

 

C.        Course Schedule and Reading

Session #1: During this session we will discuss major theoretical ideas pertaining to psyche and nature presented in Jung’s writings, among others. We will also look at the relationship between psyche and matter, and how this relationship is expressed symbolically.     

 

For this session read:

 

Neumann, E. (1994). The meaning of the Earth archetype for modern times in The fear of

            the feminine (pp. 165 – 226). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

 

Noel, D. (1991). Soul and earth: Traveling with Jung toward an archetypal ecology.

Quadrant, 24 (1), 83-91.

Sabini, M. (2002). The earth has a soul: The nature writings of C.G. Jung. Berkeley, CA: North

Atlantic Books. Read pages 1-220

 

von Franz, M.-L. (1992). Psyche and matter in alchemy and modern Science in Psyche and

 matter (pp. 145-168). Boston: Shambhala.

 

Session #2: This experiential session will take place outdoors, location TBA. During this session you are invited to leave behind the discourse of psychological language and truly step into the liminal threshold of psyche and nature.  Here you will pay attention to the phenomenology of the sensual and the symbolic. We will begin with a teaching of the Four Shields of Human Nature, followed by a “medicine walk”, story council, and mirroring. Please come prepared for weather. Bring cool and warm clothing, walking shoes, a hat, sunscreen, and water. Lunch will be provided.

 

Many of the readings for this session veer from the purely psychological and move into “nature writing”.  Here we don’t just talk about nature, as if nature is an objective thing to be studied from a distance, but rather, experience the living landscape through the poetics of place.  It is through intimate engagement with the land and storytelling that we are able to bring into consciousness the inherent relationship between the human psyche and the natural world. Without this, our psychological discourse is meaningless. There are many essays that could be included here. This is just a sampling.

 

For this session read:

 

Hogan, L. (1995). Creations in Dwellings (pp. 77-98). New York: Simon & Schuster.

 

Meloy, E. (2002). AhaMakav walkabout in The anthropology of turquoise (pp. 76-101). New York:

Vintage Books.

 

Meloy, E. (2002). The deeds and sufferings of light in The anthropology of turquoise (pp. 3-17).

New York: Vintage Books.

 

Fisher, A. (2006). To praise again: Phenomenology and the project of ecopsychology, Spring

 Journal, Issue 76, part 2, pp. 153-174.

 

Perluss, Elizabeth (2007), Touching earth: Finding spirit: A passage into the symbolic

landscape, Spring Journal, Issue 76, part 2, pp. 201-222.

 

Plotkin, B. (2003). The vision quest and soulcentric ritual in Soulcraft: Crossing in the mysteries of

 nature and psyche (pp. 210-228). Novato, CA: New World Press.

 

Silko, Leslie Marmon. (1987). Landscape, history, and the Pueblo imagination in On nature (pp.

83-94). San Fransisco: North Point Press

 

Session #3: In this session we will discuss the inextricable role that the natural landscape plays in the development of archetypal themes, including individuation. We will also look at the influence of nature on the development of alchemical and religious ideas, using metaphor as a means for tracking the movements of psyche in self and world.  

 

For this session read:

 

Colegrave, S. (1979). Microcosm and macrocosm in The spirit of the valley (pp. 143-166). Los

Angeles: J.P. Tarcher, Inc.

 

Hillman, J. (1991). Peaks and vales In J. Hillman (Ed.), Puer papers (pp. 54-74). Dallas: Spring

Publications.

 

Hillman, J. (1978). Therapeutic value of alchemical language, Dragonflies: Studies in imaginal

 psychology. Vol 1, Issue I, pp 33-42.

 

Perluss, Elizabeth (2008). Climbing the alchemical mountain, Psychological Perspectives, Vol. 51,

Issue 1, pp. 87-107

 

Snyder, G. (1990). The practice of the wild. New York: North Point Press. Pay particular attention to the following essays: The etiquette of freedom; Good, wild, sacred; Blue mountains constantly walking; and On the path, off the trail.

 

D.        Course Requirements

1. Reading, class participation (medicine walk, story-telling, and mirroring) (20 points). It is important that you read the assigned readings before coming to class. This will insure you’re able to participate in class discussions and better assimilate course content. Also, given that this course deals with the concept of nature, it is beneficial to actually spend time in nature. For this reason, this course has a highly experiential component that you will be expected to participate in, which includes an outdoor “medicine walk”, telling of stories, and the practice of mirroring. If you have concerns about this, please inform the instructor.

 

2. Final Paper (80 points): This is an opportunity for you to dig deeper into an area of psyche and nature that triggers your curiosity. Please choose one of the following topics.  If you wish to work on a topic not listed below, please consult with the instructor.

 

  1. Describe and write about your experience of the “medicine walk” that you partook in during session #2.  Questions you may wish to address are: What insights came about during your medicine walk, story-telling, and/or mirroring? How did this experience influence your perception of the psyche and nature relationship?  How do you see the Four Shields model working itself in your life? How might the Four Shields inform your treatment of individual patients? How could you use this type of exercise in your in own practice as a psychotherapist?

 

  1. Describe another experience you had in nature that you would consider to be highly significant to your life. What are the qualities of this experience that made it numinous for you? How did the natural landscape serve as a dreamscape? In which ways did the boundaries between psyche and nature become less defined? How did this create a shift in consciousness?

 

  1. Choose a particular landscape (desert, valley, mountains, etc.) and write about the depth psychological, mythological, and spiritual themes that are associated with this landscape. How has this landscape imprinted itself upon the psyche of its people? What is your relationship to this landscape and how has it been present in your own psychological development?

 

  1. Write a paper describing ways in which you might incorporate nature into your depth psychotherapy practice. Please provide a theoretical explanation of why you would choose these particular practices. How might they serve your patients?

 

Your paper should be 10-12 pages in length, using APA format. Ideally, the paper will include both personal reflection and theoretical ideas. Make sure to back up your ideas with at least five references and material presented in class.  Please number your pages and use a heading that includes your name, course title, and instructor’s name. Also, there is no need to use fancy folders or coverings. A simple staple on the right top corner is adequate.  

 

E.        Required Reading 

Neumann, E. (1994). The fear of the feminine. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

 

Sabini, M. (2002). The earth has a soul: The nature writings of C.G. Jung. Berkeley, CA: North

Atlantic Books. Read pages 1-220

 

Snyder, G. (1990). The practice of the wild. New York: North Point Press.

 

Colegrave, S. (1979). Microcosm and macrocosm in The spirit of the valley (pp. 143-166). Los

Angeles: J.P. Tarcher, Inc.

 

Fisher, A. (2006). To praise again: Phenomenology and the project of ecopsychology, Spring

 Journal, Issue 76, part 2, pp. 153-174.

 

Hogan, L. (1995). Creations in Dwellings (pp. 77-98). New York: Simon & Schuster.

 

Hillman, J. (1991). Peaks and vales. In J. Hillman (Ed.), Puer papers (pp. 54-74). Dallas: Spring

Publications.

 

Hillman, J. (1978). Therapeutic value of alchemical language, Dragonflies: Studies in imaginal

 psychology. Vol 1, Issue I, pp 33-42.

 

Meloy, E. (2002). The deeds and sufferings of light in The anthropology of turquoise (pp. 3-17).

New York: Vintage Books.

 

Meloy, E. (2002). AhaMakav walkabout in The anthropology of turquoise (pp. 76-101). New York:

Vintage Books.

 

Noel, D. (1991). Soul and earth: Traveling with Jung toward an archetypal ecology.

Quadrant, 24 (1), 83-91.

Perluss, Elizabeth (2008). Climbing the alchemical mountain, Psychological Perspectives, Vol. 51,

Issue 1, pp. 87-107

 

Perluss, Elizabeth (2007), Touching earth: Finding spirit: A passage into the symbolic

landscape, Spring Journal, Issue 76, part 2, pp. 201-222.

 

Plotkin, B. (2003). The vision quest and soulcentric ritual in Soulcraft: Crossing in the mysteries of

 nature and psyche (pp. 210-228). Novato, CA: New World Press.

 

Silko, Leslie Marmon. (1987). Landscape, history, and the Pueblo imagination in On nature (pp.

83-94). San Fransisco: North Point Press

 

von Franz, M.-L. (1992). Psyche and matter in alchemy and modern science in Psyche and matter

 (pp. 145-168). Boston: Shambhala.

 

F.         Suggested Reading

Abram, D. (1996). The spell of the sensuous. New York: Vintage Books.

Bishop. P. (1990). The greening of psychology. Dallas: Spring Publications.

 

Conforti, M. (1999). Field, form, and fate. Woodstock: Spring.

Cronon, W. (Ed.) (1995). Uncommon ground: Toward reinventing nature. New York: W.W. Norton &

Company.

 

Corbin, H. (1977). Spiritual body and celestial earth. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Deloria, V. (2009). C.G. Jung and the Sioux traditions. New Orleans: Spring Journal Books.

Fisher, A. (2002). Radical ecopsychology. New York: State University of New York

Press.

 

Foster, S. & Little, M. (1989). The roaring of the sacred river: The wilderness quest for

vision and self-healing. Big Pine, CA: Lost Borders Press.

 

Jung, C. G. (1970). Mind and Earth.  In R. F. C. Hull (Trans.), The collected works of

C. G. Jung (Vol. 10). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. (Original

work published 1931)

Kidner, D. (2001). Nature and psyche: Radical environmentalism and the politics of

 subjectivity. New York: State University of New York Press.

Lane, B. C. (1998). The solace of fierce landscapes. New York & Oxford: Oxford

University Press.

Leopold, A. (1987). A sand county almanac. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Lopez, B. (ed.) (2006). Home ground: Language for an American landscape. San Antonio: Trinity

University Press.

 

Shepard, P. (1998). Coming home to the Pleistocene. Washington DC: Island Press.

 

Tuan, Y. (1974). Topophilia. New York: Columbia University Press.

 

Yunt, J. D. (2001). Jung's contribution to an ecological psychology.

Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 41(2), pp. 96-121.

 

Watson, L. (1995). Dark nature: A natural history of evil. New York: HarperCollins.

 

William, T. Tempest (2008). Finding beauty in a broken world. New York: Pantheon Books.

 

West, R. (2007). Out of the shadow: Ecopsycology, story, and encounters with the land.

Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press.

 

G.                Assessment

Students will be graded based upon the following rubric:

 

Reading and class participation (20 points). This includes classroom discussion, and participation in outdoor experiential exercise.

 

Final Paper (80 points).

 

Papers will be assessed according to the following graded criteria:

 

72-80 points (90%) is given to papers of excellent quality as evidenced by clear and concise articulation of the ideas, thoroughness, thoughtful application of class content, in-depth understanding of the topic, original thinking, demonstrates cultural sensitivity, and adherence to the required format (APA) with none or very few grammatical errors.

 

64-71 points (80%) is given to papers of above average quality as evidenced by clear

articulation of the ideas, careful application of class content, knowledge of the topic, demonstrates cultural sensitivity, and adherence to the required format (APA) with few grammatical errors.

 

56-63 points (70%) is given to papers of average quality as evidenced by understandable written communication of the ideas, content covering the basic information required, application of class content, working knowledge of the topic, cultural sensitivity, and adherence to the required format (APA) with some grammatical errors.

 

0-55 points (60% and lower) is given to papers deficient in one or more areas required for average quality proposals.

 

The combined grading scale is as follows:

                        90-100=A

                        75-89 =B

                        60-74 =C

                        50-59 =D

                        Less than 50=F

Paper or Request for Incomplete Form is due postmarked on or before DATES INSERTED BY PROGRAM ADMINISTRATOR and should be addressed to Betsy Perluss at 1821 Evans Ave, Ventura, CA  93001.  Please be sure to include the course number and group on both the title page and the envelope.   Very important: Do not send your paper via certified mail. It is difficult for me to make repeated visits to the post-office. If you want notice of receipt, send a S.A.S. postcard. No credit will be given for late papers.

Incompletes:  Students are allowed four incompletes per academic year. Students must submit a request for an incomplete on or before the assignment due date. Incomplete work for this class is due postmarked on or before DATES INSERTED BY PROGRAM ADMINISTRATOR. When you complete the paper send it directly to the faculty and include a Grade Change Form.